マイベストプロ神戸
TEX 二井原

英検1級取得者によるオンライン個別指導のプロ

TEX 二井原(てっくすにいはら) / 英語講師

英語パーソナルジム HIET(ヒート)/ High Intensity English Training

コラム

英文法5分ドリル《 ゴールデン動詞フレーズ 》②

2024年2月10日

テーマ:大学入試・TOEIC・英検

コラムカテゴリ:スクール・習い事


本記事は独学・国内学習による
英検1級保持者が書きました。

《 ゴールデン動詞フレーズ 100人組手 》②

⑴ They successfully (   ) their son to learn violin.
  ① got    
  ② made    
  ③ let    
  ④ had

選択肢はいずれも使役動詞。
空所の後の構造から〈SVO to do〉動詞を問う問題と判断。
① got が正解。
②③④はいずれも〈SVO do〉の語法。
◆ get
 ① S get to N:Nに到着する
 ② S get C:Cになる
 ③ S get O:Oを手に入れる
 ④ S get to do:~するようになる
 ⑤ S get O O/S get O for O:人にモノを取ってくる
 ⑥ S get O C:OをCの状態にする
 ⑦ S get O doing:Oを~している状態にする
 ⑧ S get O done:Oが~された状態にする
 ⑨ S get O to do:Oに~させる
① I got to the hotel at nine.
  (9時にホテルに着いた)
② I got sick.
  (気分が悪くなった)
③ I got this ticket for free.
  (このチケットはただで手に入れた)
④ You’ll soon get to like this town.
  (すぐこの街が好きになりますよ)
Get me the salt. Get the salt for me.
  (塩をとってください)
⑥ I’ll get the bath ready.
  (お風呂をわかします)
⑦ I can’t get the engine working.
  (エンジンがかからない)
⑧ You have to get this work finished by noon.
  (君はこの仕事を正午までに終わらせなければならない)
⑴ 正解 ①
「彼らは息子を説得してバイオリンを習わせることに説得した」
They successfully got their son to learn violin.
They successfully persuaded their son to learn the violin.
They effectively convinced their son to learn the violin.
They skillfully encouraged their son to learn the violin.
They managed to get their son to learn the violin.
They triumphantly inspired their son to learn the violin.





⑵ The teacher has successfully made (   ) violin.
  ① them to learn  
  ② them learning  
  ③ them learn  
  ④ that they learn

使役動詞 make は〈SVO do〉の語法で用いて
「Oが~するようにむりやりさせる」
の意を表す。
以下,make の重要なコロケーション。
✰ <make a decision>: 決断する
Have you made a decision about your vacation plans yet?
休暇計画についてはもう決めましたか?

✰ <make an effort>: 努力する
She made a great effort to finish the project on time.
彼女はプロジェクトを時間通りに終わらせるために大きな努力をしました。

✰ <make a mistake>: 間違える
Don't worry if you make a mistake, it's all part of learning.
間違えても心配しないでください、それは学びの一部です。

✰ <make a suggestion>: 提案する
Let me make a suggestion about where to go for dinner.
夕食にどこに行くかの提案をさせてください。

✰ <make progress>: 進歩する
It's important to set goals and track your progress.
目標を設定し、進捗状況を追跡することが重要です。

✰ <make an appointment>:予約する
Please make an appointment for a haircut next week.
来週の髪を切るために予約をしてください。

✰ <make a difference>: 違いを生む
Every small act of kindness can make a big difference.
どんな小さな親切な行為でも大きな違いを生み出すことができます。

✰ <make an exception>: 例外を許す
Sorry, we can't make an exception to the rule.
申し訳ありませんが、ルールの例外は許可できません。

⑵正解 ③
「先生は彼らにバイオリンを習わせることに成功した」
The teacher has successfully made them learn violin.
The teacher has successfully taught them to play the violin.
The teacher effectively imparted violin skills to them.
The teacher skillfully instructed them in violin playing.
The teacher managed to educate them in violin playing.
The teacher triumphantly guided them in learning the violin.







⑶ The secretary watched the old guest (   ) of the room.
  ① to go out   
  ② go   
  ③ go out   
  ④ going

知覚動詞 watch は〈SVO do〉〈S V O doing〉の語法をとる。
空所の後の of から out of A「Aから」の意味になる③が正解。
次は不可。
 × S watch O to do
 × S watch doing

✰ <S watch O>
 「Oを注意して見る」
  She watched the bird.
  (彼女はその鳥を注意深く見た)

✰ <S watch O doing>
 「Oが~しているのを見る」
  He watched her singing.
  (彼は彼女が歌っているのを見た)

✰ <S watch O do>
 「Oが~するのを見る」
  I watched him leave.
  (私は彼が去るのを見た)

⑶正解 ③
「秘書は年老いた来客が部屋から出て行くのを見守った」
The secretary watched the old guest go out of the room.
The secretary observed the old guest exit the room.
The secretary witnessed the departure of the old guest from the room.
The secretary monitored the old guest as he left the room.
The secretary saw the old guest leave the room.
The secretary noticed the old guest walking out of the room.








⑷ He was seen (   ) downstairs.
  ① go    
  ② to go    
  ③ go to    
  ④ to go to

〈S V O do〉の語法ととる動詞は受動態にした場合,
原形動詞が to 不定詞になる。
これは動詞の連続を避けるため。
原形の①③は消去。
空所の後の downstairs は冠詞がないことから
「階下に」の意の副詞と分かる。
副詞の前に前置詞は置かないことから正解②。
see の語法で特に注意すべきは次の2点。
〈S see O to do〉は誤り。
〈S see O do〉を受動態にした場合,
原形動詞は to do の形になる
◆ see
 ① S see M:見える,分かる
 ② S see O:Oが見える,Oを見る
 ③ S see O as N:OをNと認識する
 ④ S see that節:…といいうことが分かる
 ⑤ S see (to it) that節:…するように注意する
 ⑥ S see if [whether] 節:…かどうか確かめる
 ⑦ S see O do:Oが~するのを見る
 ⑧ S see O doing:Oが~しているのが見える
 ⑨ S see O done:Oが~されているのが見える
① I see.
  (分かりました)
② I see what you mean.
  (おっしゃることは分かりました)
③ I don’t see him as a liar.
  (彼がうそつきとは思わない)
④ Did you see (that) he was angry?
  (彼が怒っているのが分かった)
⑤ See (to it) that all the windows are closed.
  (窓は全部閉めておくようにしなさい)
⑥ I’ll go and see if the mail has arrived.
  (郵便が届いたかどうか確かめてきます)
⑦ I saw a boy cross [×to cross] the street.
  (少年が通りを横切るのを見た)
⑧ I saw a boy shoplifting a book.
  (少年が本を万引きしているのが見えた)
⑨ I saw Tom scolded by the teacher.
  (トムが先生に叱られているのが見えた)
⑷正解 ②
「彼は1階に降りるのを見られた」
He was seen to go downstairs.
He was observed going downstairs.
He was seen descending the stairs.
He was noticed heading downstairs.
His descent down the stairs was observed.
His movement downstairs was noticed.








⑸ The thunderstorm (   ) them to call off the football match.
  ① forced    
  ② made    
  ③ took    
  ④ prevented

call off「中止する」に toが付いていることから
② make は不可。
③ take は〈SVO to do〉の語法だと
「~するのに(時間・労力)がかかる」
の意味になるが,文意が合わない。
prevent は〈SVO from doing〉で用いるので失格。
よって,① force「強いる」が正解。
『OにOに ~ させる』
 ✰ make O do
 ✰ force O to do
 ✰ compel O to do
『Oが ~ してもらう』
 ✰ have O doget O to do
『Oが ~するのを許す』
 ✰ let O do
 ✰ allow O to do
 ✰ permit O to do
⑸正解 ①
「激しい雷雨で彼らはサッカーのゲームを中止せざるをえなかった」
The thunderstorm forced them to call off the football match.
The thunderstorm necessitated the cancellation of the football match.
The thunderstorm compelled them to call off the football match.
The thunderstorm mandated the abandonment of the football match.
The thunderstorm enforced the decision to cancel the football match.
The thunderstorm dictated the necessity of calling off the football match.









⑹ The paintings (   ) his imagination working.
  ① sets    
  ② set    
  ③ set to    
  ④ sets to

set は〈SVO doing〉の語法をとる。
O にあたる his imagination に前置詞が付いている
③④は消去。①の三単現の-s に注目して正解②を選ぶ。
なお,set の活用は
 set-set-set
なので時制は現在・過去いずれの可能性もある。
⑹正解  ①
「その絵は彼の想像力をかき立て(る)た」
The paintings set his imagination working.
The paintings sparked his imagination.
The paintings ignited his creativity.
The paintings stimulated his imagination.
The paintings kindled his creative thoughts.
The paintings fired up his imagination.








⑺ I can smell the toast (   ).
  ① burnt    
  ② to burn    
  ③ burning    
  ④ is burning

知覚動詞 smell は〈SVO doing〉の語法をとる。
smell が語法的に that 節を取らない為④は不適。
⑺ 正解 ①
「トーストの焦げるにおいがする」
I can smell the toast burning.
I detect the smell of burning toast.
I perceive the aroma of burnt toast.
I notice the scent of toast burning.
I sense the odor of toast on fire.
I smell the fragrance of burnt toast.










⑻ We have to get the job (   ) by five o’clock.
  ① do    
  ② doing    
  ③ done    
  ④ to do

the job と空所に入る語に受動関係があることから
〈S V O done〉の語法から get が相応しい。
⑻正解  ③
「私達はその仕事を5時までに終わらせなければならない」
We have to get the job done by five o’clock.
We must finish the job by five o'clock.
We need to complete the task before five o'clock.
We are obliged to conclude the job by five o'clock.
We have to accomplish the task by five o'clock.
We are required to finalize the job by five o'clock.







⑼ In Beijing, I could barely make (   ) understood in Chinese.
  ① me    
  ② my    
  ③ I    
  ④ myself

barely「かろうじて」の意の副詞。
could barely make「なんとかmakeできた」
目的語となるべき空所の選択肢は「私」を表しているので
「中国語で自分を理解される」
という受動関係があると分かり,④myselfが正解となる。
なお,ここでの myself=what I said と解する。
⑼ 正解 ④
「北京で私の中国語はなんとか通じた」
In Beijing, I could barely make myself understood in Chinese.
In Beijing, I struggled to communicate effectively in Chinese.
In Beijing, I could barely express myself in Chinese.
In Beijing, I found it difficult to make myself understood in Chinese.
In Beijing, I had trouble communicating in Chinese.
In Beijing, I had a hard time getting my point across in Chinese.




《アウトプット基本英文》


「彼らは息子を説得してバイオリンを習わせることに説得した」

They successfully got their son to learn violin.
They successfully persuaded their son to learn the violin.
They effectively convinced their son to learn the violin.
They skillfully encouraged their son to learn the violin.
They managed to get their son to learn the violin.
They triumphantly inspired their son to learn the violin.








「先生は彼らにバイオリンを習わせることに成功した」

The teacher has successfully made them learn violin.
The teacher has successfully taught them to play the violin.
The teacher effectively imparted violin skills to them.
The teacher skillfully instructed them in violin playing.
The teacher managed to educate them in violin playing.
The teacher triumphantly guided them in learning the violin.







「秘書は年老いた来客が部屋から出て行くのを見守った」

The secretary watched the old guest go out of the room.
The secretary observed the old guest exit the room.
The secretary witnessed the departure of the old guest from the room.
The secretary monitored the old guest as he left the room.
The secretary saw the old guest leave the room.
The secretary noticed the old guest walking out of the room.







「彼は1階に降りるのを見られた」

He was seen to go downstairs.
He was observed going downstairs.
He was seen descending the stairs.
He was noticed heading downstairs.
His descent down the stairs was observed.
His movement downstairs was noticed.







「激しい雷雨で彼らはサッカーのゲームを中止せざるをえなかった」

The thunderstorm forced them to call off the football match.
The thunderstorm necessitated the cancellation of the football match.
The thunderstorm compelled them to call off the football match.
The thunderstorm mandated the abandonment of the football match.
The thunderstorm enforced the decision to cancel the football match.
The thunderstorm dictated the necessity of calling off the football match.







「その絵は彼の想像力をかき立て(る)た」

The paintings set his imagination working.
The paintings sparked his imagination.
The paintings ignited his creativity.
The paintings stimulated his imagination.
The paintings kindled his creative thoughts.
The paintings fired up his imagination.









「トーストの焦げるにおいがする」

I can smell the toast burning.
I detect the smell of burning toast.
I perceive the aroma of burnt toast.
I notice the scent of toast burning.
I sense the odor of toast on fire.
I smell the fragrance of burnt toast.






「私達はその仕事を5時までに終わらせなければならない」

We have to get the job done by five o’clock.
We must finish the job by five o'clock.
We need to complete the task before five o'clock.
We are obliged to conclude the job by five o'clock.
We have to accomplish the task by five o'clock.
We are required to finalize the job by five o'clock.







「北京で私の中国語はなんとか通じた」

In Beijing, I could barely make myself understood in Chinese.
In Beijing, I struggled to communicate effectively in Chinese.
In Beijing, I could barely express myself in Chinese.
In Beijing, I found it difficult to make myself understood in Chinese.
In Beijing, I had trouble communicating in Chinese.
In Beijing, I had a hard time getting my point across in Chinese.




今後も英語学習に関わる情報、体験談を発信していきます。

この記事を書いたプロ

TEX 二井原

英検1級取得者によるオンライン個別指導のプロ

TEX 二井原(英語パーソナルジム HIET(ヒート)/ High Intensity English Training)

Share

関連するコラム

TEX 二井原プロへの
お問い合わせ

マイベストプロを見た
と言うとスムーズです

お電話での
お問い合わせ
090-3825-5237

勧誘を目的とした営業行為の上記電話番号によるお問合せはお断りしております。

TEX 二井原

英語パーソナルジム HIET(ヒート)/ High Intensity English Training

担当TEX 二井原(てっくすにいはら)

地図・アクセス

  1. マイベストプロ TOP
  2. マイベストプロ神戸
  3. 兵庫の出産・子育て・教育
  4. 兵庫の大学受験・共通テスト(センター試験)
  5. TEX 二井原
  6. コラム一覧
  7. 英文法5分ドリル《 ゴールデン動詞フレーズ 》②

© My Best Pro