英作文《 地獄の果てまで瞬発トレーニング 》④

本記事は独学・国内学習による
英検1級保持者が書きました。

英作文の対策として次の戦略は完全な間違いです。

　● 英文暗唱
　● 頻出表現暗記
　● 日本語：英語の 〈1対1 暗記〉

これらの戦略は、果て無き暗記に挑む「負け戦」です。
英作文の参考書で示されている模範解答の暗記も
絶対にやめてください。
日本語と英語へのトランスレーションを強化する
学習は英語学習において逆効果です。

例えば、普及のベストセラーとその類書達

　『瞬間〇〇文』
　『〇〇英文700選』
　『英語〇〇150』

定番教材の多くは英語学習の発想として根本的にブレています。
こんなん真面目にやってたら一生、
英作文が出来るようにならないでしょう。
これに関しては英語指導者の端くれとして
近く科学的にキチンと論証します。

では英作文の対策はどうすべきか。

日本文に対する英文を出来る限り言い換えたうえで、
日本語と紐づけするのです！

英文のバリエーションが表現と発想の柔軟性を養い、
臨機応変、変幻自在の瞬発力を生み出します。

《地獄の果てまで瞬発トレーニング》
では、与えられた和文に対する英文が
どんどん言い換えられます。
それをとにかく読み倒してください。
アウトプットを意識いながらインプットするのです。

その後、英作文のトレーニングのパートにアタックする
流れになっています。
「脳内英作文」で十分に学習効果が得られるはずです。
今までにない成長の実感が得られることを約束します。

このシリーズは既に1000題の問題を作成しています。
よって、今後続編を随時公開します。
ホンモノが分かる英語学習者のみを対象にします。
無限英作文地獄を味わってください。

「この道を行けばどうなるものか。
危ぶむなかれ、危ぶめば道はなし。
踏み出せばその一足がみちとなり、
その一足が道となる。
迷わず行けよ、
行けばわかるさ」

"Where this road will lead, who can say?
Do not be afraid, for if you hesitate, the road disappears.
Take a step, and that step becomes the path,
That step becomes the way.
Without hesitation, go,
For by going, you will understand."

Part 1：英文7変化インプット

日本語の意味に合うように空所に適語を一つずつ入れなさい。
　061　

You’ve done a great job raising your kids.
▸ do a great[good] job「うまくやってのける」
　✰ do homework: 宿題をする
　✰ do the dishes: 皿を洗う
　✰ do laundry: 洗濯をする
　✰ do exercise: 運動をする
　✰ do research: 研究をする
You’ve done a fantastic job raising your kids.
You’ve done an excellent job raising your kids.
You've done a wonderful job raising your kids.
You've done a superb job raising your kids.
You've done a remarkable job raising your kids.







　062　

He is a considerate father.
▸ considerate「思いやりのある」
thoughtfulも同義
　✰ considerate gesture: 思いやりのあるジェスチャー
　✰ thoughtful gift: 思慮深い贈り物
　✰ considerate behavior: 思いやりのある振る舞い
　✰ thoughtful action: 思慮深い行動
　✰ considerate response: 思いやりのある返答
He is a thoughtful father.
He is a considerate father.
He is a caring father.
He is a compassionate father.
He is a kind-hearted father.
He is a loving father.
He is a nurturing father.









　063　

Since then I have come to know him very well.
▸ come to do「…するようになる」
　✰ come to realize: ～するようになる
　✰ come to understand: ～するようになる
　✰ come to appreciate: ～するようになる
　✰ come to love: ～するようになる
　✰ come to respect: ～するようになる
Since then I have come to understand him very well.
Since then I have come to know him very well.
Since then, I have come to comprehend him very well.
Since then, I have come to appreciate him very well.
Since then, I have come to be familiar with him very well.
Since then, I have come to grasp him very well.
Since then, I have come to recognize him very well.







　064　

What’s the fare on the buses in this city?
▸ fare「運賃」
　✰ bus fare: バス運賃
　✰ train fare: 列車運賃
　✰ taxi fare: タクシー運賃
　✰ airfare: 航空運賃
　✰ fare increase: 運賃値上げ
What’s the fare for the buses in this city?
What’s the price for the buses in this city?
How much does it cost to ride the buses in this city?
What is the bus fare in this city?
How much is the bus fare in this city?
What is the price for riding the buses in this city?








　065

There is plenty of room for improvement in his work.
▸ There is room for A「Aの余地がある」
　✰ room for improvement: 改善の余地
　✰ room for error: 誤差の余地
　✰ room for negotiation: 交渉の余地
　✰ room for creativity: 創造性の余地
　✰ room for growth: 成長の余地
There is plenty of space for improvement in his work.
There is ample room for improvement in his work.
There is ample space for improvement in his work.
There is abundant room for improvement in his work.
There is plenty of space for enhancing his work.
There is ample opportunity for improvement in his work.
There is sufficient room for progress in his work.







　066　

What did the car look like?　Can you draw a picture of it?
▸ draw a picture「絵を描く」
writeは「文字で書く」だから不可
　✰ draw a picture: 絵を描く
　✰ draw a map: 地図を描く
　✰ draw a diagram: 図を描く
　✰ draw a sketch: スケッチを描く
　✰ draw a design: デザインを描く
　✰ sketch a picture: スケッチを描く
　✰ doodle a picture: ひとり絵を描く
　✰ illustrate a picture: 絵をイラストする
　✰ paint a picture: 絵を描く
What did the car resemble? Can you draw a picture of it?
What did the car look like? Can you sketch a picture of it?
What was the car's appearance? Can you illustrate it?
How did the car appear? Can you sketch it out?
What did the car look like? Can you provide a visual depiction of it?








　067　

Try to forget it; it isn’t worth worrying about.
▸ A is worth doing「Aは…する価値がある」
　✰ It is worth mentioning: 言及する価値がある
　✰ It is worth considering: 検討する価値がある
　✰ It is worth trying: 試してみる価値がある
　✰ It is worth exploring: 探求する価値がある
　✰ It is worth investing: 投資する価値がある
Try to forget it; it isn’t worth fretting about.
Try to forget it; it isn’t worth worrying about.
Try to forget it; it isn’t worth fussing over.
Try to forget it; it isn’t worth getting upset about.
Try to forget it; it isn’t worth stressing over.
Try to forget it; it isn’t worth agonizing about.









　068　

He had a dream of becoming a politician even though he didn't know how to realize it.
▸ realize A「Aを実現する」
　✰ realize a dream: 夢を実現する
　✰ realize a goal: 目標を実現する
　✰ realize a plan: 計画を実現する
　✰ realize a vision: ビジョンを実現する
　✰ realize a potential: 潜在能力を実現する
He had a dream of being a politician even though he didn't know how to achieve it.
He had a dream of becoming a politician even though he didn't know how to make it happen.
He had a dream of being a politician even though he didn't know how to accomplish it.
He had a dream of becoming a politician even though he didn't know how to bring it to fruition.
He had a dream of being a politician even though he didn't know how to make it a reality.
He had a dream of becoming a politician even though he didn't know how to fulfill it.
He had a dream of being a politician even though he didn't know how to make it come true.








　069　

I thought I had seen the man a week before.
▸ before〈過去完了時制〉
　ago〈過去時制〉
before long: 間もなく
　✰ before dawn: 夜明け前に
　✰ before sunset: 日没前に
　✰ before midnight: 真夜中前に
　✰ before noon: 正午前に
　✰ two hours ago: 2時間前に
　✰ a year ago: 1年前に
　✰ long ago: ずっと前に
　✰ just a moment ago: たった今
　✰ many years ago: 何年も前に
I thought I had met the man a week ago.
I thought I had encountered the man a week before.
I thought I had come across the man a week earlier.
I thought I had run into the man a week before.
I thought I had encountered the man a week prior.
I thought I had seen the man a week ago.







　070　

She took pains to get it absolutely perfect.
▸ take pains「苦労する」
　✰ pains〈複数形〉で「苦労」の意を表す
　✰ take pains: 苦労する
　✰ go to great pains: 大変苦労する
　✰ spare no pains: 余念がない
　✰ pains and efforts: 苦労と努力
　✰ pains and troubles: 苦労とトラブル
She took great pains to make it absolutely perfect.
She took great effort to make it absolutely perfect.
She took great pains to ensure it was absolutely perfect.
She put in great effort to make it absolutely perfect.
She went to great lengths to get it absolutely perfect.
She spared no effort to make it absolutely perfect.
She took meticulous care to ensure it was absolutely perfect.







　071　

She didn’t want to help John.　
She had not been on good terms with him.
▸ be on … term with A「Aとは…の間柄である」
　✰ be on good terms with A: Aと仲が良い
　✰ be on bad terms with A: Aと仲が悪い
　✰ be on friendly terms with A: Aと友好的な関係である
　✰ be on speaking terms with A: Aと会話を交わす関係である
　✰ be on familiar terms with A: Aと親しくなじみがある
She and him hadn't been getting along.
Their relationship hadn't been good.
She and him hadn't been on friendly terms.
They hadn't been on good terms.
Their relationship had been strained.
She didn't want to help John.
She didn't want to assist John.
She didn't want to lend a hand to John.
She didn't want to support John.
She didn't want to aid John.
She didn't want to offer assistance to John.
She didn't want to provide help to John.







　072　

Excuse me, I’d like to borrow these two books.　
How long can I keep them?
▸ borrow A「Aを無料で借りる」
　✰ borrow a book: 本を借りる
　✰ borrow money: お金を借りる
　✰ borrow a pen: ペンを借りる
　✰ borrow a car: 車を借りる
　✰ borrow a tool: 工具を借りる
Excuse me, I'd like to borrow these two books. Could you please tell me the borrowing period?
Excuse me, I'd like to check out these two books. What's the loan period?
Excuse me, I'd like to borrow these two books. Could you inform me of the duration I can keep them?
Excuse me, I'd like to borrow these two books. Can you let me know how long I can have them?
Excuse me, I'd like to check out these two books. What's the timeframe for borrowing them?





　073　

The eighteenth century saw Germany’s recovery from the wounds of the Thirty Years’ War.
▸ see A「(時代が)Aを目撃する」
　✰ witness A: Aを目撃する
　✰ observe A: Aを見る
　✰ view A: Aを見る
　✰ behold A: Aを見る
　✰ watch A unfold: Aが展開するのを見る
The eighteenth century observed Germany's revival from the effects of the Thirty Years’ War.
The eighteenth century witnessed Germany's recovery from the effects of the Thirty Years’ War.
The eighteenth century witnessed Germany's resurgence from the impact of the Thirty Years' War.
The eighteenth century observed Germany's revival from the devastation of the Thirty Years' War.
The eighteenth century marked Germany's recovery from the aftermath of the Thirty Years' War.
The eighteenth century saw Germany's resurgence from the aftermath of the Thirty Years' War.
The eighteenth century witnessed Germany's recovery from the scars of the Thirty Years' War.







　074　

Somebody broke into the safe last night.
▸ safeは名詞として「金庫」の意を表す
　✰ safe: 金庫
　✰ safety deposit box: 金庫
　✰ strongbox: 金庫
　✰ vault: 金庫
　✰ locker: 金庫
Somebody broke into the strongbox last night.
Somebody broke into the safe last night.
Somebody broke into the vault last night.
Somebody broke into the secure box last night.
Somebody broke into the secure container last night.
Somebody broke into the lockbox last night.
Somebody broke into the secure compartment last night.






　075　

It’s fortunate that you have such a good friend.
▸ It is fortunate that節「幸いなことに…である」
It is lucky that: 幸いなことに…
　✰ It is advantageous that: 有利なことに…
　✰ It is beneficial that: 好都合なことに…
　✰ It is providential that: 神の摂理により…
　✰ It is auspicious that: 吉兆なことに…
It's lucky that you have such a dependable friend.
It's fortunate that you have such a reliable friend.
It's fortunate that you have such a trustworthy friend.
It's fortunate that you have such a loyal friend.
It's fortunate that you have such a supportive friend.
It's fortunate that you have such a caring friend.
It's fortunate that you have such a dependable friend.






　076　

I’d like you to bring back the drama program.　
Connie, the school is badly in need of a drama program.
▸ badlyはwant, need, in need of Aなどを強調して
「とても」の意を表す
　✰ badly want: とても欲しい
　✰ badly need: とても必要だ
　✰ badly in need of A: Aがとても必要だ
　✰ badly desire: とても望む
　✰ badly require: とても要求する
I'd like you to bring back the drama program. Connie, the school is badly in need of a drama program.
I'd like you to revive the drama program. Connie, the school is in dire need of a drama program.
I'd like you to restore the drama program. Connie, the school is urgently in need of a drama program.
I'd like you to reintroduce the drama program. Connie, the school is desperately in need of a drama program.
I'd like you to bring back the drama program. Connie, the school is in urgent need of a drama program.
I'd like you to revive the drama program. Connie, the school is in dire need of a drama program.
I'd like you to reinstate the drama program. Connie, the school is badly in need of a drama program.
These alternatives maintain the original meaning while providing variations in expression for expressing the urgent need to bring back the drama program at the school.






　077　

The new stadium is very big.　
It has a seating capacity of about 80,000.
▸ capacity「(部屋・建物・乗り物などの)収容能力」
　✰ seating capacity: 収容人数
　✰ storage capacity: 収容容量
　✰ maximum capacity: 最大収容能力
　✰ cargo capacity: 積載能力
　✰ bandwidth capacity: 帯域幅容量
The new stadium is extremely roomy. It has a seating capacity of approximately 80,000.
The new stadium is very spacious. It has a seating capacity of about 80,000.
The new stadium is incredibly spacious. It has a seating capacity of about 80,000.
The new stadium is remarkably large. It has a seating capacity of approximately 80,000.
The new stadium is exceptionally roomy. It has a seating capacity of about 80,000.
The new stadium is immensely spacious. It has a seating capacity of approximately 80,000.
The new stadium is exceedingly large. It has a seating capacity of about 80,000.








　078　

Will you lend me some money?
▸ some＋不可算名詞「多少の…」
▸ the wrong A「違うA，間違ったA」
　✰ some sugar: 多少の砂糖
　✰ some water: 多少の水
　✰ some advice: 多少の助言
　✰ some information: 多少の情報
　✰ the wrong address: 間違った住所
　✰ the wrong number: 間違った番号
　✰ the wrong direction: 間違った方向
　✰ the wrong decision: 間違った決断
　✰ the wrong interpretation: 間違った解釈
　✰ the wrong impression: 間違った印象
Will you lend me some money?
Will you lend me some cash?
Will you lend me some funds?
Will you loan me some currency?
Will you provide me with some financial assistance?
Will you offer me some monetary support?
Will you give me some cash?







　079　

“Hello.　This is Jane Smith.　Could I speak to Mr. Brown?”
“I’m afraid you have the wrong number.　This is Mars University.”
▸ the wrong A「違うA，間違ったA」
　✰ the wrong place: 間違った場所
　✰ the wrong idea: 間違った考え
　✰ the wrong way: 間違った方法
　✰ the wrong attitude: 間違った態度
　✰ the wrong assumption: 間違った仮定
"I’m afraid you have the incorrect number. This is Mars University."
"I’m sorry, but you've dialed the wrong number. This is Mars University."
"I'm sorry, but Mr. Brown is not available at this number. You've reached Mars University."
"I believe you've reached the wrong number. This is Mars University."
"I'm afraid you've reached the wrong party. You've reached Mars University."








　080　

I made an appointment to see the dentist at three o’clock.
▸ appointment「医者・美容院などの予約」
　reservation 「レストランやホテルなどの場所を予約」
　booking (チケットや宿泊などを予約」
reservationは「ホテルなどの予約」だから不可
　✰ make a reservation: 予約を取る
　✰ cancel a reservation: 予約をキャンセルする
　✰ confirm a reservation: 予約を確認する
　✰ hold a reservation: 予約を保留する
　✰ change a reservation: 予約を変更する
　✰ hotel booking: ホテルの予約
　✰ flight booking: フライトの予約
　✰ restaurant booking: レストランの予約
　✰ online booking: オンライン予約
　✰ make a booking: 予約を取る
　✰ schedule an appointment: 予約を入れる
　✰ miss an appointment: 予約を忘れる
　✰ cancel an appointment: 予約をキャンセルする
　✰ reschedule an appointment: 予約を変更する
　✰ confirm an appointment: 予約を確認する
I scheduled an appointment to see the dentist at three o’clock.
I arranged a meeting with the dentist for three o’clock.
I set up a visit to the dentist for three o’clock.
I booked a time to see the dentist at three o’clock.
I organized a dental appointment for three o’clock.

Part 2：瞬間脳内アウトプット

あなたは，子育てをとてもうまくやってきました。

彼は思いやりのある父親です。

その時以来，私は彼をとてもよく知るようになった。

この町のバス料金はいくらですか。

彼の仕事には改善の余地がたくさんある。

その車はどんな外見でしたか。絵を描いてもらえますか。

それを忘れるように努めなさい。それは気に病むほどのことではありません。

彼は，実現する方法を知らなかったけれども，政治家になる夢を持っていた。

その1週間前にその男を見たと私は思った。

彼女はそれをまったく完璧にしようと骨を折った。

彼女はジョンの手助けをしたくはなかった。彼女は彼と仲のよい間柄ではなかったからだ。

すみません。この2冊の本を借りたいのですが。どれくらいの間借りていられますか。

18世紀にドイツは30年戦争の痛手から回復した。

昨夜，誰かが金庫の中に押し入った。

そんなによい友人がいてあなたは幸せですね。

その演劇のプログラムを返してくよ。学校で演劇のプログラムがとても必要なんだ，コニー。

その新しい競技場は非常に大きい。約80,000席の収容力があります。

いくらかお金を貸してくれませんか。

「こんにちは。こちらはジェーン・スミスです。ブラウンさんとお話しできますか」
「電話番号をお間違いだと思います。こちらはマーズ大学です」

私は3時に歯医者に診察してもらう予約を取った。

◆ 本記事の著作権は本記事作成者に帰属し、無断転用、流用を禁じます。
今後も英語学習に関わる情報、体験談を発信していきます。